Table 1
Patient characteristics/demographics.
| Standard prime (n = 417) | PBUF (n = 704) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at surgery (months) | 3 [25d, 6] | 3 [8d, 6] | 0.086 |
| Age at surgery ≤30 days | 109 (26%) | 216 (31%) | 0.12 |
| Sex female | 195 (47%) | 328 (47%) | 1.0 |
| Premature1 | 98 (24%) | 139 (20%) | 0.15 |
| Palliative procedure | 82 (20%) | 156 (22%) | 0.36 |
| ≥1 prior surgery with CPB | 67 (16%) | 98 (14%) | 0.34 |
| ≥1 prior surgery without CPB | 30 (7%) | 51 (7%) | 1.0 |
| Noncardiac anomaly | 115 (28%) | 206 (29%) | 0.58 |
| Chromosomal abnormality | 127 (30%) | 221 (31%) | 0.79 |
| Syndrome | 138 (33%) | 221 (31%) | 0.60 |
| Preoperative risk factor2 | 163 (39%) | 308 (44%) | 0.13 |
| STAT mortality category | |||
| 1 | 50 (12%) | 100 (14%) | 0.045 |
| 2 | 76 (18%) | 108 (15%) | |
| 3 | 85 (20%) | 170 (24%) | |
| 4 | 172 (41%) | 249 (35%) | |
| 5 | 28 (7%) | 72 (10%) | |
| Not assigned | 6 (1%) | 5 (1%) | |
| Urgency status (n = 413, 702) | |||
| Elective | 212 (51%) | 319 (45%) | 0.075 |
| Urgent | 195 (47%) | 377 (54%) | |
| Emergency | 6 (1%) | 5 (1%) | |
| Salvage | 0 (0%) | 1 (<1%) | |
| Cardiopulmonary bypass time (min) (n = 417, 703) | 141 [103, 197] | 145 [104, 198] | 0.50 |
| Cross-clamp time (min) (n = 410, 688) | 91 [54, 128] | 93 [60, 125] | 0.66 |
| Any circulatory arrest time (n = 410, 692) | 75 (18%) | 128 (19%) | 1.0 |
| Operating room time (min) | 407 [338, 492] | 416 [341, 499] | 0.69 |
| Intraoperative TPS3 | |||
| 1 | 279 (67%) | 491 (70%) | 0.55 |
| 2 | 122 (29%) | 190 (27%) | |
| 3 | 5 (1%) | 11 (2%) | |
| 4 not assigned | 11 (3%) | 12 (2%) | |
| TPS at discharge4 | |||
| 1 | 204 (49%) | 367 (52%) | 0.44 |
| 2 | 118 (28%) | 204 (29%) | |
| 3 | 79 (19%) | 113 (16%) | |
| 4 Not assigned | 16 (4%) | 20 (3%) |
2Preoperative risk factors include: mechanical ventilation, ECMO, renal dysfunction, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, stroke, sepsis, seizures, hepatic dysfunction, necrotizing enterocolitis, arrhythmias, colostomy, gastrostomy tube, acidosis, hypothyroidism, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, hypo/hyper coagulable, pulmonary hypertension, adrenal insufficiency, tracheostomy, enterostomy, familial history of ischemic heart disease, endocarditis, asthma, implanted defibrillator, pacemaker, bronchiolitis, single lung, diabetes mellitus type 1.
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