Open Access
Review
Table 2
Illustration of heparin resistance diagnosis.
| Non-antithrombin mediated |
|---|
| • Increased heparin binding to other proteins, cells and non-endothelial surfaces. |
| • High platelet count ≥300,000 cells/mm3 (due to the activation of PF4, a strong inhibitor of heparin). |
| • Low albumin concentrations ≤35 g/dL (albumin exhibits heparin-like action). |
| • Preoperative relative hypovolemia (dehydration leading to increased concentration of other compatible molecules binding to heparin). |
| • Medications (egg, andexanet Alfa). |
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