Issue |
J Extra Corpor Technol
Volume 52, Number 1, March 2020
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 52 - 57 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/ject/202052052 | |
Published online | 15 March 2020 |
Case Reports
Pre-Intubation Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Patients at Risk for Respiratory Decompensation
Address correspondence to: Ankit Bharat, MD, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 North Saint Clair Street, Suite 650, Chicago, IL 60611. E-mail: abharat@nm.org
Received:
25
October
2019
Accepted:
8
January
2020
Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) has emerged as a potential life-saving treatment for patients with acute respiratory failure. Given the accumulating literature supporting the use of VV-ECMO without therapeutic levels of anticoagulation, it might be feasible to use it for planned intubation before surgical procedures. Here, we report consecutive series of patients who underwent planned initiation of VV-ECMO, without anticoagulation, before induction of general anesthesia for anticipated difficult airways or respiratory decompensation. We describe the approach to safely initiate VV-ECMO in an awake patient. We retrospectively identified patients in a prospectively maintained database who underwent planned initiation of VV-ECMO before intubation. Standard statistical methods were used to determine post-procedure outcomes. Patients included were three men and one woman, with a mean age of 34.3 ± 10.4 years. Indications included mediastinal lymphoma, foreign body obstruction, hemoptysis, and tracheo-esophageal fistula. VV-ECMO was initiated electively for all patients, and no anticoagulation was used. The median duration of VV-ECMO support was 2.5 days (1–11 days), the median length of ventilator dependence and intensive care unit stay was 1 day (1–23 days) and 5 days (4–31 days), respectively. The median length of stay was 18.5 days (8–39 days). There were no thrombotic complications and no mortality at 30 days. Initiation of awake VV-ECMO is feasible and is safe before intubation and induction of anesthesia in patients at high risk for respiratory decompensation.
Key words: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation / artificial lung / anesthesia induction / airway
© 2020 AMSECT
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